Frontal ↑Background Estimation ↑Fuzzy Expert System ↑Fuzzifier ↑Fuzzy Inference Engine ↑Defuzzifier ↑Fuzzy Rule Base ↑If-Then Rule ↑Linguistic Variable ↑Singleton ↑Crisp ↑Membership Function ↑Mamdani ↑Min ↑Larsen ↑Multi Input/Multi Output (MIMO) ↑Multi Input/Single Output (MISO) ↑Smooth ↑Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) ↑Stable ↑Dual Core ↑False Positive Rate (FPR) ↑False Negative…

Saccadic Movement ↑Fixed Gaze ↑Yawning ↑Head Nodding ↑Dozing ↑Head Orientation ↑Fixed Head ↑Classification ↑Fusion ↑Heuristic Rules ↑Majority Vote ↑Unanimity ↑Simple Majority Vote ↑Plurality ↑Expert ↑Fuzzy Logic ↑Non-Deterministic ↑Bayesian Network ↑Directed Acyclic Graph ↑Hybrid ↑Prototype ↑Fuzzy Expert System ↑Boosting ↑Integral Image ↑Cumulative Sum ↑False Positive Rate (FPR) ↑False Negative Rate (FNR) ↑Strong Classifier ↑Full…

Generalized Symmetry Transformation (GST) ↑Connected Component Analysis (CCA) ↑Projection ↑Circle Hough Transform ↑Yawning ↑Nostril ↑Tracking ↑Geometric Shape ↑Appearance ↑Motion Estimation ↑Matching ↑Search Window ↑Adaptive Filter ↑Correlation ↑Sum of Absolute Difference (SAD) ↑Sum of Squared Difference (SSD) ↑Kalman Filter (KF) ↑Extended Kalman Filter…